As a means of recording a passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600.

Watch as well: 16th century in literature

Events

A modern square root symbol is first utilized. Castile invades the kingdom of Navarre (1512). Niccolò Machiavelli writes The Prince. A Ottoman Empire reaches its peak during a reign of sultan Suleiman the Magnificent (reigned 1520-1566). Kingdom of Hungary in shambles after many attacks, troops of the Ottoman Empire directly attack the Habsburg Empire and lay military blockade upon Vienna, but fail to conquer a city inside 1529. European explorers explore the New World. Castile conquers the Aztec Empire in Mexico (1521) and a Inca Empire in South America (1533), resulting in the destruction of the native civilizations of Mesoamerica and the Andes. Immense increase around total of bullion in circulation in Europe. A horse introduced to the Americas. 1st circumnavigation of the world by the ship of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition. Exclusively a single ship survived a journeying, under a command of the Basque captain Juan Sebastián Elcano (1522). Protestant reform of the Christian church around many countries in Northern Europe. In a Diet of Speyer, a class action of princes & royal cities of the Holy Roman Empire sign a protestation against a Edict of Worms. This marks their trend lines of Lutheranism (1529). Poland chooses religious tolerance. Polish writers come zealous to discuss religious differences. It print their works in the Polish language for the first instance. King Henry VIII of England breaks with Roman Catholic Church and forms Church of England (1533) French Wars of Religion between Catholics and Huguenots in France (1562 - 1598). Copernicus publishes his theory that a Globe & a more planets revolve around the Sun (1543) A Council of Trent (1545 - 1563), one of the ecumenical councils of the Catholic Church, defined a large number of freshly dogmas in response to the Protestant Reformation. Azuchi-Momoyama period of the History of Japan (1568 - 1600). Below a hanker civil wars of the Sengoku period daimyos Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi attempt to unify Japan under their command. In the Dutch revolt of 1568-1648, a small nation gained independence from a power of the day (Spain). Poland and Lithuania form the Commonwealth (1569 - 1795) Gregorian Calendar adopted by Catholic countries (1582) Fallowing a Fall of Antwerp (1585), many of its merchandiser fled to Amsterdam

Significant people
Nicolaus Copernicus, developed the heliocentric (Sun-centered) theory using scientific methods (1473 - 1543). Henry VII of England, founder of the Tudor dynasty. Introduced ruthlessly effective mechanisms of taxation which restored the kingdom fallowing a state of virtual bankruptcy due to the effects of the Wars of the Roses (1457 - 1509). Michelangelo Buonarroti, Italian painter and sculptor (1475 - 1564). Thomas More, English politician and creator (1478 - 1535). Martin Luther, German religious reformer (1483 - 1546). Hernán Cortés, Spanish Conquistador (1485 - 1547). King Henry VIII of England, founder of Anglicanism (1491 - 1547). King Francis I of France, considered the foremost Renaissance monarch of his Kingdom (1494 - 1547). Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. Vanquisher & legal reformer (1494 - 1566). Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and the number one to reign when King of Spain. Required within about constant conflict by owning France and the Ottoman Empire while promoting the Spanish colonization of the Americas (1500 - 1558). Cuauhtémoc becomes last Tlatoani of the Aztec, leads a native trend lines against the Spanish and is finally discomfited in the siege of Tenochtitlan. He is hanged in February 26, 1525 (1502 - 1525) Mary I of England. Attempted to counter a Protestant Reformation in her domains. Nick-known as Bloody Mary for her Religious persecution (1516 - 1558). King Philip II of Spain, self-proclaimed leader of Counter-Reformation (1527 - 1598). Queen Elizabeth I of England, central figure of the Elizabethan era (1533 - 1603). Oda Nobunaga , daimyo of the Sengoku period of Japanese civil war. 1st ruler of the Azuchi-Momoyama period (1534 - 1582). Toyotomi Hideyoshi , daimyo of the Sengoku period of Japanese civil war. 2nd ruler of the Azuchi-Momoyama period (1536 - 1598). Edward VI of England, notable for farther differentiating Anglicanism from the practices of the Roman Catholic Church (1537 - 1553). Lady Jane Grey, Queen regnant of England and Ireland. Notably deposed by popular revolt (1537 - 1554). Queen Mary I of Scotland, First female head of the House of Stuart (1542 - 1587). Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish author (1547 - 1616). King Henry IV of France and Navarre, ended a French Wars of Religion and reunited the kingdom under his command (1553 - 1610). William Shakespeare, English author (1564 - 1616). John Donne, English metaphysical poet (1572 - 1631) Musashi Miyamoto, famous warrior within Japan, author of The Book of Five Rings, a treatise in strategy and martial combat. (1584 - 1645)

Inventions, discoveries, introductions
List of 16th century inventions Introduction of the spinning wheel revolutionizes textile production. Occident crops like maize, potatoes, chocolate, and tomatoes, become known to Europeans.

Decades and years

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